Dental plugger



No. oa,|5o. Patented July 26,1898.

A. BUSH.

`DENTAL PLUGGER.

(Application led Nov. 11, 1896,)

(N o M o d el.)

746775? ed()` e d, /151 Olen-fo /b,

ALDEN BUSH, OF ELYRIA, OHIO.

DENTAL PLUGGER.

srncIFIoATIoN forming part of Letters ratent No. 608,150, dated July 26, 1898h Application filed November 11, 1896. Serial No. 611,754. (No modell) .To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALDEN BUSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Elyria, in the county of Lorain and State of Ohio, have in` vented certain new and useful Improvements in Dental Pluggers and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improved dental plugger adapted to be connected to and operated by the iieXible shaft of the dental engine to thc end that a quick succession of blows shall be delivered against the filling in the dental cavity by the plugging-tool connected with the instrument.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple and eective device of this character which may be easilyvmanipulated by the operator to properly regulate the force of the blows, which will not be clumsy to handle, and which may be quickly connected with the engine-shaft without removing the hand piece from said shaft.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts hereinafter ,described, and pointed out definitely in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure lis a longitudinal sectional View of my improved plugging instrument. Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the tool-holding plunger. Fig. 3 is an end View of said plunger. Fig. 4f is a detached view of the revoluble hammer. Fig. 5 is an end view of said hammer.

Referring to the parts by letters, A represents a tubular casing which contains the movable parts and serves as the handpiece of the instrument.

B represents a tool-holding plunger which projects from the lower end of the casing A. On the end of this plunger there is an annular iiange h, which lies above an annular shoulder d within the casing. This plunger is prevented from revolving by a pin b', which projects from its side into a longitudinal slot d in the casing. A longitudinal hole b2 is formed in the outer end of the plunger to re- 5o ceive the plugging-tool F. The walls surrounding this hole are slotted and externally threaded, and its eXtreme end h6 is beveled. A nut b3 screws onto thisend of the plunger. The outer end of the hole in the nut is contracted, whereby the screwing of said nut onto the plunger contracts the slotted walls of the plunger and thereby clasps the tool firmly therein. O represents a revoluble hammer which is mounted in said casing. On its lower end is an axial pin or end e of comparatively small diameter, which is adapted to enter a corresponding socket h4 in the adjacent end of the plunger. The blow of the hammer is delivered by the end of this pin striking the bottom of said socket.. On the lower end of this hammer is an annular row of cam-teeth c', which are adapted to engage with a similar row of cam-teeth h5 on the adjacent end of the plunger. An .annular iiange c2 is formed upon the hammer and a light coil-spring d surrounds the hammer and exerts endwise pressure against said ange c2 and the flange b on the plunger, whereby said hammer and plunger are normally held as far apart asy the construction permits. On the upper end of the hammer is a stem c3,- which projects out of the casing A and-'is adapted to be connected with the dental-engine shaft. j

The top of the casing must be closed by a cap or plug of some sort, so as to form a thrust-bearing e5 for the hammer, and in the construction shown this plug e is the lower end of the tubular casing E, which is adapted to contain the ordinary handpiece of the dental engine. This plug, which has an axial hole e, through which the stem c3 passes, is screwed into the top of the casing A. Between its inner end, the thrust-bearing, and

the annular shoulder c4 on the hammer andA around the stem c3 thereof a ball-raceway is formed which contains `the balls I-I. This ball-bearing diminishes the friction of the revolving hammer at the point where in the operation of the device the friction is the greatest.

The case E being rigidly connected. with the casing A becomes a part of the handpiece of theinstrument. It is of such size that it may entirely inclose the ordinary handpiece oi' a dental engine. Its outer edge is slotted, as shown at e2, and the tongues e3, formed by said slotting, exert a greater or less springpressure upon the engine-handpiece, whereby said handpiece is prevented from revolving within said case E.

The necessary connections having been made between the dental-engine shaft and the stem of the hammer, the instrument is operated as follows: The operator places the end of the tool F against the filling to be compacted and presses thereon with greater or lessforce, but with sufiicient force to cause the relative movement of the `casing A and plunger B against the force of the spring D, whereby the cam-teeth on the plunger and hammer, respectively, are caused to contact with each other. The revolution of the hammer and the engagement of the cam-surfaces of the teeth c b5 cause the hammer C, and with it the casing A, to be moved away from the filling, this movement taking place in opposition to the pressure from the operators hand. When the straight edges of said camteeth permit such action, the pressure from the hand of the operator moves the casing A, and with it the hammer, toward the filling, thereby causing the pin c to strike more or less violently the end of the plunger B. rlhe force of this blow is determined by the pressure from the operators hand. It will be noticed that the blow is not due to the action of the spring. It is due to the force exerted by the operator. The hammer is moved by the cams against said force, and then when this action of the cams suddenly ceases the pressure of the operators hand forces the hammer against the plunger. This action is very rapid, and by means of the described mechanism the operator delivers bloT after blow upon the end of the plunger for an indenite period and with a rapidity many times greater than he could deliver without the assistance of substantially the mechanism described. The rapidity with which these blows are delivered is increased by making the number of cam-teeth c one less or greater than the number of corresponding teeth b5.

I wish to call particular attention to the fact that until the plunger is moved inward by the described pressure from the operator the revolution of the hammer produces absolutely no effect upon the plunger, the spring D holding the plunger and hammer so far apart that the cam-teeth on these parts do not engage with each other.

I-Iaving described my invention, I claim- 1. In a dental plugger, in combination, a tubular casing having near one end an offset forming an internal annular shoulder ct, a plunger working through said end having on its inner end, first, an annular shoulder b and, second, a row of cam-teeth, a plug secured in and closing the other end of said casing and forming an internal annular bearing e5, a rotatable hammer in said casing having, rst, a reduced end which extends out through said plug and, second, an annular row of camteeth on its inner end and, third, an annular external llange c2 above its inner end, and a coil-spring surrounding the inner end of said hammer and thrusting against said flange and the inner end of the plunger, said hammer and plunger having on their proximate ends, respectively, a striking-pin and a surface with which it engages, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a dental plugger, the combination of the casing having an offset near one end forming an internal annular shoulder cc, a plug secured in and closing the otherend'of said casing and forming an annular bearing e5, a, longitudinally movable toolholding plunger which projects through the rstnamed end of the casing and has an annular ilange l) ,above said shoulder, and an annular row of cam-teeth on its inner end, with a rotatable hammer adapted to be driven by a projection extending through the plug, said hammer having inside the casing an annular shoulder c4, and having teeth on its inner end, and a coiled spring surrounding the hammer and bearing against the iiange b and the shoulder c4 and thereby tending Ato separate the plunger and hammer, said plug receiving the thrust caused by an inward pressure on the tool, substantially as described.

3. In a dental plugger, the combination of a casing having an offset forming an internal shoulder, and a plug which closes the other end; a longitudinally-,movable tool-holding plunger which projects through one end of the casing and has a iiange which lies above said shoulder, a rotatable hammer which is mounted in said casing and has a reduced stem which projects through said plug, a set of balls confined within the casing around said stem and between the thrust-bearing plug and end of the hammer, cam-surfaces on the adjacent ends of said hammer and plunger, and a spring exerting its force to move the hammer upward against said balls, and the plunger downward, substantially as and for the purpose specied. l

4. In a dental plugger, the combination of a casin g A, a tool-holding plunger B longitudinally movable through one end of the casing, a case E which screws into the opposite end of said casing, which case is adapted to receive the handpiece of a dental engine, means for holding said handpiece therein, a rotatable hammer C mounted in casing A,

lhaving a reduced stem which projects into case E, a ball-raceway in casing A between the hammer and end of case E, balls therein, cams on the adjacent faces of the hammer and plunger and a spring cl exerting its force to separate the adjacent faces of said hammer and plunger, substantially as and for the purpose speciiied.

IOO

5. In a dental plugger, the combination of a easing A, a tool-holding plunger B having on its inner end an annular row of cam-teeth, a rotatable hammer C mounted in the easing and having on its inner end a pin c and an annularrow of cam-teeth, and a spring d, which exerts its force to move the hammer and plunger in opposite directions, and therebyseparate the two annular rows of oamteeth, substantially as and for the purpose specified. 1o

In testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALDEN BUSH.

Witnesses:

E. L. THURSTQN, E. B. GILCHRIST. 

